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Thorium - World Nuclear Association

· In order to utilize thorium in Fluoride salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor (FHR), neutronics analysis for thorium based fuels (U 233 + Th, U 235 + Th and P 239 u + Th) is carried out in a whole-core model of pebble bed FHR.Uranium (U 238) based fuels with the above three fissile nuclides are also analyzed for comparison.The atomic density of fissile material is kept constant at start-up for ...

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Thorium distributions in high‐ and low‐dust regions and ...

· Thorium and uranium isotopes (232 Th, 230 Th, 238 U, and 234 U) were investigated to refine their use for estimating mineral dust deposition and Fe delivery to the ocean.U concentrations and isotope ratios were consistent with conservative behavior and can safely be described using published U-salinity relationships and global average seawater isotopic composition.

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The mineralogy and geochemistry of uranium, thorium, …

These relationships are typical of subalkaline potassic granites of the Hercynian. The trace element associations are similar to those of the shoshonite association with high U, Th, LREE and Ba, Rb, and Sr contents. A hypothetical model for uranium mineralization associated with such granites is discussed in the light of these data.

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Uranium/Thorium Fuelled High Temperature Gas Cooled ...

· Thermal processes using high temperature gas cooled reactors (HTGRs) could be a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the presently used various conventional chemical processes. As most of the suggested mineral deposits contain low concentrations of uranium and thorium, these could be recovered by a thermal process and used as ...

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Improvement of bulk analysis technique for uranium in ...

· Bulk analysis of uranium in simulated samples with high thorium contents was performed to validate the improved analytical procedures. Introduction Accurate and precise measurement of the isotopic ratios of nuclear materials is important to verify the declared nuclear materials and activities of a State, and to identify undeclared nuclear ...

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Simultaneous determination of uranium and thorium in …

A routine procedure has been developed for the simultaneous determination of uranium and thorium in high concentration thorium ores. INAA is used to determine the uranium and thorium concentration. However, for very low concentrations of uranium a radiochemical procedure based on the use of NPy/benzene as an extractant has to be employed. The precision and accuracy of the method has …

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ANEEL: Thorium-based reactor fuel could revive …

· With a proprietary combination of thorium and uranium (), particularly "High Assay Low Enriched Uranium" (HALEU), ANEEL fuel can address several issues that have plagued nuclear power – cost, proliferation and waste.Plus, this fuel, being made …

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Thorium and Uranium - Comparison - Properties …

· Thorium metal is silvery and tarnishes black when exposed to air, forming the dioxide. Thorium is moderately hard, malleable, and has a high melting point. Thorium is a naturally-occurring element and it is estimated to be about three times more …

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Determination of uranium and thorium in semiconductor ...

Uranium and thorium were measured by absolute neutron activation analysis in high-purity materials used to manufacture semiconductor memories. The main thrust of the study concerned aluminum and aluminum alloys used as sources for thin film preparation, evaporated metal films, and samples from the Czochralski silicon crystal process.

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Determination of thorium, uranium and transuranium ...

· @article{osti_5584879, title = {Determination of thorium, uranium and transuranium isotopes in siliceous and refractory materials by high-resolution alpha spectrometry}, author = {Sill, C. W. and Sill, D. S.}, abstractNote = {Samples of siliceous solids up to 1 gram were dissolved completely by fusion with potassium fluoride in platinum dishes in the presence of appropriate isotopic tracers.

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High precision elemental abundances for tektites and ...

Thorium, uranium and potassium mean abundances for 15 Ivory Coast tektites, 23 Australites, 10 Philippinites, 25 Thailandites, 16 Bediasites and 12 Moldavites are reported. Abundances are also reported for Muong Nong type tektites, Nordlinger Ries crater glass, Bosumtwi crater glass and Darwin crater glass. Previous measurements are reviewed. The value of the present work lies in the fact that ...

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Thorium power has a protactinium problem - Bulletin of …

· Therefore, uranium 233 generated in thorium reactors is "self-protected," as long as uranium 232 levels are high enough. However, the extent to which uranium 232 provides adequate protection against diversion of uranium 233 is debatable.

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Thorium in Australia – Parliament of Australia

Secondly, there are technical difficulties in recycling thorium due to the high radioactivity of thorium-228 which is a decay product of the contaminant uranium-232. Thirdly, there is some nuclear proliferation risk with uranium-233 if it can be separated.

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Thorium: new and improved nuclear energy? | Wise …

· It has been claimed that thorium fuel cycles with reprocessing would be much less of a proliferation risk because the thorium can be mixed with uranium-238. In fact, fissile uranium-233 must first be mixed with non-fissile uranium-238. If the U-238 content is high enough, it is claimed that the mixture cannot be used to make bombs with out ...

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Thorium, Uranium and Rare Earth Elements …

· Thorium, Uranium and Rare Earth Elements Concentration in Weathered Japanese Soil Samples Sarata Kumar SAHOO*, Masahiro HOSODA, Sadatoshi KAMAGATA, Atsuyuki SORIMACHI, Tetsuo ISHIKAWA, Shinji TOKONAMI, Shigeo UCHIDA Research Centre for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan

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High and low temperature alteration of uranium and …

· The Um Ara area, in the south Eastern Desert of Egypt contains a number of uranium occurrences related to granitic rocks. U-rich thorite, thorite and zircon are the main primary uranium- and thorium-bearing minerals found in mineralized zones of the Um Ara alkali-feldspar granites; uranophane is the most common secondary uranium mineral.

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16 Big Thorium Reactor Pros and Cons – …

· 16 Big Thorium Reactor Pros and Cons. A thorium reactor is a form of nuclear energy, proposed for use as a molten salt reactor. It is fueled by the uranium-233 isotope that is taken from the element thorium. Thorium is weakly radioactive, has a …

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Characteristics of a Mixed Thorium - Uranium Dioxide High ...

· @article{osti_911390, title = {Characteristics of a Mixed Thorium - Uranium Dioxide High-Burnup Fuel}, author = {Herring, James Stephen and Mac Donald, Philip Elsworth}, abstractNote = {Future nuclear fuel must satisfy three sets of requirements: longer times between refueling; concerns for weapons proliferation; and development of a spent fuel form more suitable for direct geologic disposal.

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RECOVERY OF THORIUM, URANIUM, AND RARE

· thorium- and uranium-barren monazite liquors with primary amines (0.2 M) were less than 1but high enough to allow >98% extraction in three to four ideal extraction stages.

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Economics of Thorium and Uranium Reactors

Thorium is an element that is more than 3 times more abundant worldwide and is an alternate source of nuclear power. This element itself is not fissile but when used in a Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor (LFTR), it can potentially be a source of nuclear power that is cheaper, cleaner, and safer compared to current uranium power plants.

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Characteristics of a Mixed Thorium-Uranium Dioxide High ...

· @article{osti_11467, title = {Characteristics of a Mixed Thorium-Uranium Dioxide High-Burnup Fuel}, author = {Herring, J S and MacDonald, P E}, abstractNote = {Future nuclear fuels must satisfy three sets of requirements: longer times between refueling; concerns for weapons proliferation; and development of a spent fuel form more suitable for direct geologic disposal.

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Compositional changes at the interface between thorium ...

· Compositional changes at the interface between thorium-doped uranium dioxide (U 0.97 Th 0.03 O 2) and Zr before and after annealing at 1700 °C for 18 h were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy.At room temperature, the U 0.97 Th 0.03 O 2 pellet consisted of hyperstoichiometric UO 2+x with UO 2 and ThO 2, and the Zr sample contained Zr …

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What's the Difference Between Thorium and Uranium …

· Uranium-233 has a high probability of undergoing fission when it is struck by a neutron of any energy, and fission releases enough neutrons to continue the conversion of thorium to new uranium-233. This lets thorium be consumed like a fuel in properly designed reactors.

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Characteristics of Mixed Thorium – Uranium Dioxide …

· Characteristics of Mixed Thorium – Uranium Dioxide High Burnup Fuel J. S. Herring P. E. MacDonald June 6, 1999 – June 10, 1999 ANS 1999 Annual Meeting 571.03 - 03/23/98 - Rev. 01 This is a preprint of a paper intended for publication in a journal or proceedings. Since changes may be made before publication, this preprint should not be cited or

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Thorium fuel cycle — Potential benefits and challenges

· supplement uranium reserves. Thorium fuels and fuel cycles are particularly relevant to countries having large thorium deposits but very limited uranium reserves for their long term nuclear power programme. The feasibility of thorium utilization in high temperature gas

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